快活林资源网 Design By www.csstdc.com

这篇文章主要介绍了Python argparse模块使用方法解析,文中通过示例代码介绍的非常详细,对大家的学习或者工作具有一定的参考学习价值,需要的朋友可以参考下

1. 说明

  • argparse 模块是python 用于解析命令行参数和选项的标准模块。
  • 程序定义它需要的参数,然后 argparse 模块将弄清如何从 sys.argv 解析出那些参数。
  • argparse 模块还会自动生成帮助和使用手册,并在用户给程序传入无效参数时报出错误信息。

2. 使用流程

使用argparse 模块配置命令行参数时,需要以下几步:

import argparse

创建 ArgumentParser() 对象

调用 add_argument() 方法添加参数

使用 parse_args() 解析添加的参数, 返回一个命名空间

参数解析完后,进行后续业务逻辑的处理

示例:

import argparse
import json

args_list = ["keywords", "keywords_from_file", "prefix_keywords", "suffix_keywords",
    "limit", "format", "color", "color_type", "usage_rights", "size",
    "exact_size", "aspect_ratio", "type", "time", "time_range", "delay", "url", "single_image",
    "output_directory", "image_directory", "no_directory", "proxy", "similar_images", "specific_site",
    "print_urls", "print_size", "print_paths", "metadata", "extract_metadata", "socket_timeout",
    "thumbnail", "thumbnail_only", "language", "prefix", "chromedriver", "related_images", "safe_search", "no_numbering",
    "offset", "no_download","save_source","silent_mode","ignore_urls"]

def user_input():
 # 创建 ArgumentParser() 对象
 config = argparse.ArgumentParser()
 # 调用 add_argument() 方法添加参数
 config.add_argument('-cf', '--config_file', help='config file name', default='', type=str, required=False)
 config_file_check = config.parse_known_args()
 object_check = vars(config_file_check[0])

 if object_check['config_file'] != '':
  records = []
  json_file = json.load(open(config_file_check[0].config_file))
  for record in range(0,len(json_file['Records'])):
   arguments = {}
   for i in args_list:
    arguments[i] = None
   for key, value in json_file['Records'][record].items():
    arguments[key] = value
   records.append(arguments)
  records_count = len(records)
 else:
  # Taking command line arguments from users
  parser = argparse.ArgumentParser()
  parser.add_argument('-k', '--keywords', help='delimited list input', type=str, required=False)
  parser.add_argument('-kf', '--keywords_from_file', help='extract list of keywords from a text file', type=str, required=False)
  parser.add_argument('-sk', '--suffix_keywords', help='comma separated additional words added after to main keyword', type=str, required=False)
  parser.add_argument('-pk', '--prefix_keywords', help='comma separated additional words added before main keyword', type=str, required=False)
  parser.add_argument('-l', '--limit', help='delimited list input', type=str, required=False)
  parser.add_argument('-f', '--format', help='download images with specific format', type=str, required=False,
       choices=['jpg', 'gif', 'png', 'bmp', 'svg', 'webp', 'ico'])
  parser.add_argument('-u', '--url', help='search with google image URL', type=str, required=False)
  parser.add_argument('-x', '--single_image', help='downloading a single image from URL', type=str, required=False)
  parser.add_argument('-o', '--output_directory', help='download images in a specific main directory', type=str, required=False)
  parser.add_argument('-i', '--image_directory', help='download images in a specific sub-directory', type=str, required=False)
  parser.add_argument('-n', '--no_directory', default=False, help='download images in the main directory but no sub-directory', action="store_true")
  parser.add_argument('-d', '--delay', help='delay in seconds to wait between downloading two images', type=int, required=False)
  parser.add_argument('-co', '--color', help='filter on color', type=str, required=False,
       choices=['red', 'orange', 'yellow', 'green', 'teal', 'blue', 'purple', 'pink', 'white', 'gray', 'black', 'brown'])
  parser.add_argument('-ct', '--color_type', help='filter on color', type=str, required=False,
       choices=['full-color', 'black-and-white', 'transparent'])
  parser.add_argument('-r', '--usage_rights', help='usage rights', type=str, required=False,
       choices=['labeled-for-reuse-with-modifications','labeled-for-reuse','labeled-for-noncommercial-reuse-with-modification','labeled-for-nocommercial-reuse'])
  parser.add_argument('-s', '--size', help='image size', type=str, required=False,
       choices=['large','medium','icon','>400*300','>640*480','>800*600','>1024*768','>2MP','>4MP','>6MP','>8MP','>10MP','>12MP','>15MP','>20MP','>40MP','>70MP'])
  parser.add_argument('-es', '--exact_size', help='exact image resolution "WIDTH,HEIGHT"', type=str, required=False)
  parser.add_argument('-t', '--type', help='image type', type=str, required=False,
       choices=['face','photo','clipart','line-drawing','animated'])
  parser.add_argument('-w', '--time', help='image age', type=str, required=False,
       choices=['past-24-hours','past-7-days','past-month','past-year'])
  parser.add_argument('-wr', '--time_range', help='time range for the age of the image. should be in the format {"time_min":"MM/DD/YYYY","time_max":"MM/DD/YYYY"}', type=str, required=False)
  parser.add_argument('-a', '--aspect_ratio', help='comma separated additional words added to keywords', type=str, required=False,
       choices=['tall', 'square', 'wide', 'panoramic'])
  parser.add_argument('-si', '--similar_images', help='downloads images very similar to the image URL you provide', type=str, required=False)
  parser.add_argument('-ss', '--specific_site', help='downloads images that are indexed from a specific website', type=str, required=False)
  parser.add_argument('-p', '--print_urls', default=False, help="Print the URLs of the images", action="store_true")
  parser.add_argument('-ps', '--print_size', default=False, help="Print the size of the images on disk", action="store_true")
  parser.add_argument('-pp', '--print_paths', default=False, help="Prints the list of absolute paths of the images",action="store_true")
  parser.add_argument('-m', '--metadata', default=False, help="Print the metadata of the image", action="store_true")
  parser.add_argument('-e', '--extract_metadata', default=False, help="Dumps all the logs into a text file", action="store_true")
  parser.add_argument('-st', '--socket_timeout', default=False, help="Connection timeout waiting for the image to download", type=float)
  parser.add_argument('-th', '--thumbnail', default=False, help="Downloads image thumbnail along with the actual image", action="store_true")
  parser.add_argument('-tho', '--thumbnail_only', default=False, help="Downloads only thumbnail without downloading actual images", action="store_true")
  parser.add_argument('-la', '--language', default=False, help="Defines the language filter. The search results are authomatically returned in that language", type=str, required=False,
       choices=['Arabic','Chinese (Simplified)','Chinese (Traditional)','Czech','Danish','Dutch','English','Estonian','Finnish','French','German','Greek','Hebrew','Hungarian','Icelandic','Italian','Japanese','Korean','Latvian','Lithuanian','Norwegian','Portuguese','Polish','Romanian','Russian','Spanish','Swedish','Turkish'])
  parser.add_argument('-pr', '--prefix', default=False, help="A word that you would want to prefix in front of each image name", type=str, required=False)
  parser.add_argument('-px', '--proxy', help='specify a proxy address and port', type=str, required=False)
  parser.add_argument('-cd', '--chromedriver', help='specify the path to chromedriver executable in your local machine', type=str, required=False)
  parser.add_argument('-ri', '--related_images', default=False, help="Downloads images that are similar to the keyword provided", action="store_true")
  parser.add_argument('-sa', '--safe_search', default=False, help="Turns on the safe search filter while searching for images", action="store_true")
  parser.add_argument('-nn', '--no_numbering', default=False, help="Allows you to exclude the default numbering of images", action="store_true")
  parser.add_argument('-of', '--offset', help="Where to start in the fetched links", type=str, required=False)
  parser.add_argument('-nd', '--no_download', default=False, help="Prints the URLs of the images and/or thumbnails without downloading them", action="store_true")
  parser.add_argument('-iu', '--ignore_urls', default=False, help="delimited list input of image urls/keywords to ignore", type=str)
  parser.add_argument('-sil', '--silent_mode', default=False, help="Remains silent. Does not print notification messages on the terminal", action="store_true")
  parser.add_argument('-is', '--save_source', help="creates a text file containing a list of downloaded images along with source page url", type=str, required=False)
  # 使用 parse_args() 解析添加的参数
  # 默认的 args 的结果:
  # Namespace(aspect_ratio=None, chromedriver=None, color=None, color_type=None, delay=None, exact_size=None, extract_metadata=False, format=None, ignore_urls=False, image_directory=None, keywords=None, keywords_from_file=None, language=False, limit=None, metadata=False, no_directory=False, no_download=False, no_numbering=False, offset=None, output_directory=None, prefix=False, prefix_keywords=None, print_paths=False, print_size=False, print_urls=False, proxy=None, related_images=False, safe_search=False, save_source=None, silent_mode=False, similar_images=None, single_image=None, size=None, socket_timeout=False, specific_site=None, suffix_keywords=None, thumbnail=False, thumbnail_only=False, time=None, time_range=None, type=None, url=None, usage_rights=None)
  args = parser.parse_args() # 返回一个命名空间
  arguments = vars(args) # 返回 args 的属性和属性值的字典
  # arguments 的结构:
  # {'image_directory': None, 'print_urls': False, 'usage_rights': None, 'color': None, 'socket_timeout': False, 'time_range': None, 'chromedriver': None, 'prefix': False, 'extract_metadata': False, 'keywords': None, 'no_numbering': False, 'size': None, 'keywords_from_file': None, 'print_paths': False, 'no_download': False, 'delay': None, 'similar_images': None, 'specific_site': None, 'thumbnail_only': False, 'type': None, 'thumbnail': False, 'metadata': False, 'related_images': False, 'format': None, 'silent_mode': False, 'print_size': False, 'color_type': None, 'exact_size': None, 'no_directory': False, 'suffix_keywords': None, 'single_image': None, 'offset': None, 'output_directory': None, 'language': False, 'url': None, 'prefix_keywords': None, 'save_source': None, 'ignore_urls': False, 'safe_search': False, 'limit': None, 'time': None, 'aspect_ratio': None, 'proxy': None}
  records = []
  records.append(arguments)
 return records

3. 参数说明

add_argument() 函数每个参数解释如下:

  • name or flags - 选项字符串的名字或者列表,例如 foo 或者 -f, --foo。
  • action - 命令行遇到参数时的动作,默认值是 store。
  • store_const,表示赋值为const;
  • append,将遇到的值存储成列表,也就是如果参数重复则会保存多个值;
  • append_const,将参数规范中定义的一个值保存到一个列表;
  • count,存储遇到的次数;此外,也可以继承 argparse.Action 自定义参数解析;
  • nargs - 应该读取的命令行参数个数,可以是具体的数字,或者是"htmlcode">
    import argparse
     
    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser()
    parser.add_argument('a', type=int, help='display an integer param')
    args = parser.parse_args()
     
    print(args.a)

    以上就是本文的全部内容,希望对大家的学习有所帮助,也希望大家多多支持。

快活林资源网 Design By www.csstdc.com
广告合作:本站广告合作请联系QQ:858582 申请时备注:广告合作(否则不回)
免责声明:本站资源来自互联网收集,仅供用于学习和交流,请遵循相关法律法规,本站一切资源不代表本站立场,如有侵权、后门、不妥请联系本站删除!
快活林资源网 Design By www.csstdc.com

稳了!魔兽国服回归的3条重磅消息!官宣时间再确认!

昨天有一位朋友在大神群里分享,自己亚服账号被封号之后居然弹出了国服的封号信息对话框。

这里面让他访问的是一个国服的战网网址,com.cn和后面的zh都非常明白地表明这就是国服战网。

而他在复制这个网址并且进行登录之后,确实是网易的网址,也就是我们熟悉的停服之后国服发布的暴雪游戏产品运营到期开放退款的说明。这是一件比较奇怪的事情,因为以前都没有出现这样的情况,现在突然提示跳转到国服战网的网址,是不是说明了简体中文客户端已经开始进行更新了呢?